These narrative structures may offer a historical account of events, demonstrate a process for performing a task, such as baking muffins, chronicle the events of a person’s life, or categorize information in an interesting way. Nonetheless, the classical models of informative speaking can still be useful, at least as food for thought and for the process and order they use to convey information. There is nothing neutral about public speaking the “informative” model attempts to be neutral, however. Equally, the arrangement and presentation of facts on a topic is an expression of opinion this topic merits the audience’s interest and attention and the arrangement of these facts should change or sustain the audience’s thinking on the topic. While a call to action is a persuasive speaking device, the absence of one does not mean the communication was not persuasive. They may also point out that an informative speech does not overtly state a call to action or express an opinion. However, the presentation of facts is, in and of itself, a persuasive action. Proponents of an “informative speaking” model will often suggest that a key difference is that the content provided is entirely fact-based-and irrefutably fact-based at that. ![]() However, they are part of a persuasive speaking structure, albeit a less overt form of persuasion. This chapter will begin with some of the learning points that are typically included in an “informative speaking” section because the principles taught have merit. ![]() The notion that somebody is speaking merely to inform the audience is-at best-an attempt to neutralize the inherently persuasive nature of all communication or an attempt to shield the audience from fearful ideas that persuasion is necessarily manipulative (which is not true). ![]() Public speaking is communication. Therefore, all public speaking is persuasive. Rule #2 of communication: All communication is persuasive.
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